Existing Depigmenting substances

They act through:

• Tyrosinase Inhibition
• Inhibitors of Inflammation-induced Melanogenic Response
• Peroxidase inhibition
• Product Reduction and ROS (Radical Oxygen Scavengers)

Tyrosinase inhibition

1. hydroquinone
2. 4-hydroxyanisole
3. 4-S-CAP and derivatives
4. Arbutin
5. Aloesin
6. Azelaic Acid
7. Kojic Acid
8. Ellagic Acid
9. Resveratrol
10. Oxyeresveratrol
11. Licorice Extract
12. Lactic Acid

Inhibitors of Inflammation Induced Melanogenic Response

1. Chamomille
2. Corticosteroids
3. Gliabridin
4. Tranexamic Acid

Peroxidase inhibition

1. Phenol/Catechols
2. Methimazole
3. Green Tea
4. Topical Indomethacin

Product Reduction and ROS (Radical Oxygen Scavengers)

1. Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)
2. a-Lipoic Acid
3. a-Tocopherol
4. Pycnogenol

Source of information: Handog E. Brown Spots: Melasma Updates.2012 (02) – 20th Regional Conference of Dermatology (RCD) – Manila, Phillipines 

Source of information: here