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Existing Depigmenting substances

They act through:

  • Tyrosinase Inhibition
  • Inhibitors of Inflammation-induced Melanogenic Response
  • Peroxidase inhibition
  • Product Reduction and ROS (Radical Oxygen Scavengers)

 

 

Tyrosinase inhibition

  1. hydroquinone
  2. 4-hydroxyanisole
  3. 4-S-CAP and derivatives
  4. Arbutin
  5. Aloesin
  6. Azelaic Acid
  7. Kojic Acid
  8. Ellagic Acid
  9. Resveratrol
  10. Oxyeresveratrol
  11. Licorice Extract
  12. Lactic Acid

 

 

Inhibitors of Inflammation Induced Melanogenic Response

  1. Chamomille
  2. Corticosteroids
  3. Gliabridin
  4. Tranexamic Acid

 

 

Peroxidase inhibition

  1. Phenol/Catechols
  2. Methimazole
  3. Green Tea
  4. Topical Indomethacin

 

 

Product Reduction and ROS (Radical Oxygen Scavengers)

  1. Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)
  2. a-Lipoic Acid
  3. a-Tocopherol
  4. Pycnogenol

 

 

Source of information: Handog E. Brown Spots: Melasma Updates.2012 (02) – 20th Regional Conference of Dermatology (RCD) – Manila, Phillipines 

Source of information: here