- Hair is made up of keratin.
- Its is produced in hair follicles from cells originating in the matrix: a vascularized niche of stem cells.
- When sectioned, hair shapes can be elliptical (short curly hair), ovoid (wavy hair) or round (straight hair).
- Each strand of hair is made up of the medulla, cortex, and cuticle.
- The cortex is the thickest part, giving the hair its strength and color (contains melanin).
- Hair disorders can be classified into scarring and non-scarring alopecia, in the latter case hair is absent but hair follicles remain mostly intact (common baldness, alopecia areata)
- Sometimes the hair is damaged by external techniques (hair decolorization, hair straightening…)