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Hyaluronic Acid (HA)

  • Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a molecule like “honey” in consistence which is rich in water and is responsible for the volume of the skin.
  • It is part of the Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs): it consists of a polymer of disaccharides of glucuronic acid and N acetyl-glucosamine. It has a length of around 1 million kilodaltons (KD).
  • Its name is derived from the Greek word “Hyalos” = vitrous.
  • It has been present in living organisms for a long time and its relatively repeated simple structure is highly unchanged in evolution.
  • It is present in the dermis and is produced (and degraded) by cells called fibroblasts (in organelles called Hyalurosomes).
  • The decrease with age in its production is responsible for structural wrinkles. HA also plays an important in wound healing by stimulating the production of fibroblasts.