Melasma (Chloasma, Pregnancy Mask) – Table of Contents

Articles until June 2015: after this click on the link, go to “Conference Notes” or Scientific Notes and go to “Pigmentation”

• Introduction (1) (2)
• Cause/Etiology
  • The role of blood vessels
    • How this could have therapeutical implications
  • Are hormones involved ?
  • Is progesterone the culprit ?
• Diagnosis
  • Diagnostic elements, epidemiology and importance of sunprotection
  • MASI score (Melasma Area and Severity Index)
  • Recognizing Melasma
  • Melasma in areas other than the face (extrafacial)
• Differential Diagnosis
  • Do not mix it up with other Conditions
• Epidemiology and Risk Factors
  • Melasma in Caucasians:
    • Epidemiology and treatment
  • Diagnostic elements, epidemiology and importance of sunprotection
• Treatment
  • Does anything apart from creams work ?
  • Treatment follow-up
  • Assessment of a new skin brightening emulgel containing glycolic acid, lactic acid, kojic acid, arbutin and UVA/UVB filters in females
  • Treatment in darker skin with a 4% hydroquinone skin care system plus 0.025% tretinoin cream
  • *Are lasers effective ?
    • Fractional Lasers
    • Laser Treatment
    • Blood vessels and the utility of vascular lasers
    • Apparently it’s not the best treatment
  • Are the newer non-Hydroquinone-based creams effective ?
  • Preventing and Treating melasma: Basics of Sunprotection, Practical Advice and Quick Fixes
  • How to choose a sunscreen ?
  • Oral Pycnogenol
  • Treatment
    • The DP-3 unifying concept
    • Summary
  • Triple Combination Creams don’t always work
  • Treatments in use and the scientific evidence of their efficacy
  • Is oral Tranexamic Acid effective ?
    • An Introduction
    • Efficacy
    • A Summary
    • …Another study
  • Why is it so difficult to treat ?
• Prevention
  • Preventing Recurrence: any hope ?
• Miscellaneous
  • Hyperpigmentation and Melasma: Facts and Psychological factors